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[教育] [转帖]美国小学生作文

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发表于 2006-9-17 20:00:00 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">美国小学生作文</span></p><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">10</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">岁的孩子被送进了美国学校,上英文课,老师布置的作业是写论文,题目居然大得冲天:《我怎么看人类文化》;上历史课,老师让孩子扮演总统顾问,给国家决策当高参;在中学的物理课上,作业竟然是一个市政研究项目城市照明系统的布局;而道德教育,居然是从让孩子们爱护小动物开始。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">  没有统一的教科书,没有统一的考试,没有对学生的三六九等的分类排位。这就是呈现在一个中国记者眼前的美国教育。面对与中国教育截然不同的西洋景,种种的疑虑、困惑接踵而至,美国教育究竟要培养什么样的人才?没有残疾的孩子,只有残疾的教育。这究竟是教育学者的危言耸听,还是对人与教育之间客观规律的深刻认识?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">  我们中国人是否认真反省过我们的教育?我们中国的教育有缺陷吗?如果有,在哪里?我们这样一个正在全面谋划自己未来前程的民族,应该怎样审视我们为孩子们提供的教育环境?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">美国小学给</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">10</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">岁的儿子留的作业是写一篇论文,题目吓我一跳:《中国的昨天和今天》。学习二战史,美国老师竟然让</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">10</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">岁的孩子回答这样的问题:如果你是杜鲁门总统的高级顾问,你将对美国投放原子弹持什么意见?种种不可思议的事情,种种躲闪不开的冲突与思考,我由此遭遇美国教育。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">  当我牵着</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">10</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">岁的儿子登上中国东方航空公司飞往美国洛杉矶的班机时,心中就充满了疑惑:我不知道在孩子这么小的年龄就把他带到美国去,是不是一个失策?一位朋友的劝告还响在耳边:最少应该让孩子在中国接受完基础教育再到美国,因为中国的基础教育是最完整、最系统的。多少专家也认为,美国的高等教育很出色,而基础教育绝对不如中国扎实。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">  直到我把儿子送进了那所离公寓不远的美国小学的时候,内心的忧虑终于得到证实:这是一种什么样的学校啊!学生可以在课堂上放声大笑,每天在学校最少让学生玩两个小时,下午不到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">3</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">点就放学回家,最让我开眼的是儿子根本没有教科书!那个金发碧眼的女教师弗丝女士看了我儿子带去的中国小学四年级的数学课本后,温文尔雅地说:我可以告诉你,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">6</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年级以前,他的数学是不用再学了!面对她那双充满笑意的蓝眼睛,我就像挨了一闷棍。一时间,真是怀疑把儿子带到美国来是不是干了一生中最蠢的一件事。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">  日子一天天过去,看着儿子每天背着空空的书包兴高采烈地去上学,我的心就觉得沉甸甸的。在中国,他从一年级开始,书包就满满的、沉沉的,从一年级到四年级,他换了三个书包,一个比一个大,让人感到知识的重量在增加。而在美国,书包里没了负担,孩子精神上就更松快了,这能叫上学吗?一个学期过去了,把儿子叫到面前,问他美国学校给他最深的印象是什么,他笑着送给了我一个字正腔圆的答案:自由!这两个字像砖头一样拍在我的脑门上。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">  此时,真是一片深情怀念中国的教育,似乎更加深刻地理解了为什么中国孩子老是能在国际上拿奥林匹克学习竞赛的金牌。不过,事已至此,总不能再把他送回国去呀?也只有听天由命了。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">  不知不觉一年过去了,儿子的英语长进不少,放学之后也不直接回家了,而是常去图书馆,不时就背回一大书包的书来。问他一次借这么多书干什么,他一边看着那些借来的书一边打着计算机,头也不抬地说:作业。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">  作业?我忍不住凑过去看,儿子打在计算机屏幕上的标题是:《中国的昨天和今天》。这是一个小学生的作业?这样天大的题目,即便是博士,敢去做吗?于是严声厉色地问儿子这是谁的主意,儿子坦然相告:老师说美国是移民国家,让每个同学写一篇介绍自己祖先生活的国度的文章。要求概括这个国家的历史、地理、文化,分析它与美国的不同,说明自己的看法。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;"/><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;"/></span>
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 楼主| 发表于 2006-9-17 20:00:00 | 显示全部楼层
<span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  我一时语噎:真不知道让一个</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\">10</span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">岁的孩子去运作这样一个连成年人也未必能干的工程,会是一种什么结果?偌大一个中国,它的地理和文化,它的历史和现状,一个</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\">10</span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">岁的孩子能说得清么?我只觉得一个</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\">10</span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">岁的孩子如果被教育得不知天高地厚,弄这些大而无当的东西,以后恐怕是连吃饭的本事也没有了。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  过了几天,儿子完成了这篇作业。没想到,打印出的是一本</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\">20</span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">多页的小册子。从九曲黄河到象形文字,从丝绸之路到五星红旗</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\">……</span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">热热闹闹。我没赞扬,也没评判,因为我自己有点发懵,一是我看到儿子把这篇文章分出了章与节,二是在文章最后列出了参考书目。我想,这是我读研究生之后才使用的写作论文的方式,那时,我</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\">30</span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">岁。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  不久,儿子的另一个作业又来了。这次是《我怎么看人类文化》!如果说上次的作业还有边际可循,那这次真可谓是不着边际了。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  儿子猛不丁地冒出一句:饺子是文化吗?</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  饺子?文化?我一时竟不知该如何回答。为了不误后代,我只好和儿子一起查阅权威的工具书。真是没少下功夫,我们总算完成了从抽象到具体又从具体到抽象的反反复复的折腾,儿子又是几个晚上坐在计算机前煞有介事地做文章。我看他那专心致志的样子,不禁心中苦笑,一个小学生,怎样去理解文化这个内涵无限丰富而外延又无法确定的概念呢?但愿我这个虎头虎脑、从来就对吃兴趣无穷的儿子,别只是在饺子、包子上大作文章。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  在美国教育中已经变得无拘无束的儿子,很快就把文章做出来了,这次打印出来的是</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\">10</span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">页,又是自己设计的封面,文章后面又列着那一本一本的参考书。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  他洋洋得意地对我说:你说什么是文化?其实特简单就是人创造出来让人享受的一切。那自信的样子,似乎他发现了别人没能发现的真理。后来,孩子把老师看过的作业带回来,上面有老师的批语:我布置本次作业的初衷是让孩子们开阔眼界,活跃思维,而读他们作业的结果,往往是我进入了我希望孩子们进入的境界。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  没有评价,既未说对,也没说不对。问儿子这批语是什么意思,儿子说,老师没为我们骄傲,但是她为我们震惊。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  是不是?儿子反问我。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  我无言以对。心中始终疑疑惑惑:弗丝老师希望他们进入什么境界?</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  儿子</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\">6</span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">年级快结束的时候,老师留给他们的作业是一串关于二次大战的问题。你认为谁对这场战争负有责任?你认为纳粹德国失败的原因是什么?如果你是杜鲁门总统的高级顾问,你将对美国投放原子弹持什么意见?你是否认为当时只有投放原子弹一个办法去结束战争?你认为今天避免战争的最好办法是什么?</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\">……<br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  如果是两年前,见到这种问题,我肯定会抱怨:这哪是作业,这分明是竞选参议员的前期训练!而此时,我开始对美国的小学教育方式有了一些理解。老师正是在是通过这些设问,向孩子们传输一种人道主义的价值观,引导孩子们去关注人类的命运,引导孩子们学习高屋建瓴地思考重大问题的方法。这些问题在课堂上都没有标准答案,它的答案,有些可能需要孩子们用一生去寻索。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  看着</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\">12</span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">岁的儿子为完成这些作业兴致勃勃地看书查资料的样子,我不禁想起当年我学二战史的情景:按照年代、事件死记硬背,书中的结论,有些明知迂腐也当成圣经去记,不然,怎么通过考试去奔光明前程呢?此时我在想,我们在追求知识的过程中,重复前人的结论往往大大多于自己的思考。而没有自己的思考,就难有新的创造。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br style=\"mso-special-character: line-break;\"/><br style=\"mso-special-character: line-break;\"/></span>
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 楼主| 发表于 2006-9-17 20:01:00 | 显示全部楼层
<span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  儿子小学毕业的时候,已经能够熟练地在图书馆利用计算机和缩微胶片系统查找他所需要的各种文字和图像资料了。有一天我们俩为狮子和豹的觅食习性争论起来,第二天,他就从图书馆借来了美国国家地理学会拍摄的介绍这两种动物的录像带,拉着我一边看,一边讨论。孩子面对他不懂的东西,已经知道到哪里去寻找答案了。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  儿子的变化促使我重新去审视美国的小学教育。我发现,美国的小学虽然没有在课堂上对孩子们进行大量的知识灌输,但是,他们想方设法把孩子的眼光引向校园外那个无边无际的知识的海洋,他们要让孩子知道,生活的一切时间和空间都是他们学习的课堂;他们没有让孩子们去死记硬背大量的公式和定理,但是,他们煞费苦心地告诉孩子们怎样去思考问题,教给孩子们面对陌生领域寻找答案的方法;他们从不用考试把学生分成三六九等,而是竭尽全力去肯定孩子们的一切努力,去赞扬孩子们自己思考的一切结论,去保护和激励孩子们所有的创造欲望和尝试。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  有一次,我问儿子的老师弗丝女士:你们怎么不让孩子们背记一些重要的东西呢?我上小学时,可没少背课文,没少背教科书的要点。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  弗丝老师笑着说:对人的创造能力来说,有两个东西比死记硬背更重要,一个是他要知道到哪里去寻找他所需要的比他能够记忆的多得多的知识;再一个是他综合使用这些知识进行新的创造的能力。死记硬背,既不会让一个人知识丰富,也不会让一个人变得聪明,这就是我的观点。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  我不禁想起我的一个好朋友和我的一次谈话。他学的是天文学,从走进美国大学研究生院的第一天起到拿下博士学位整整</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\">5</span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">年,一直以优异的成绩享受系里提供的优厚的奖学金。他曾对我说:我很奇怪,要是凭课堂上的学习成绩拿奖学金,美国人常常不是中国人的对手,可是一到实践领域,搞点研究性题目,中国学生往往没有美国学生那么机灵,那么富有创造性。我想,他感受的可能正是两种不同的基础教育体系所造成的人之间的差异。中国人太习惯于在一个划定的框子里去施展拳脚了,一旦失去了常规的参照,对不少中国人来说感到的可能往往并不是自由,而是惶恐和茫然。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  我常常想到中国的小学教育,想到那些在课堂上双手背后坐得笔直的孩子们,想到那些沉重的课程、繁多的作业、严格的考试</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\">……</span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">它让人感到一种神圣与威严的同时,也让人感到巨大的压抑与束缚,但是多少代人都顺从着它的意志,把它视为一种改变命运的出路,这是一种文化的延续,它或许有着自身的辉煌,但是面对需要每个人发挥创造力的现代社会,面对明天的世界,我们又该怎样审视这种孕育了我们自身的文明?</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  </span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\">1995</span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">年,我回国后,将自己对美国小学教育的观察与思考写成一篇小文章。出乎我的意料,就是这样一篇小文章,发表后引起不小的反响。中国最火爆的周末报纸《南方周末》转载了这篇文章,中国教育部的机关报纸《中国教育报》转载了这篇文章,全国上百家报刊和网站转载了这篇文章,中国发行量最大的文摘刊物《读者》与我签订了向他们终生授权转载我的文章的合同,一些学术研讨会的论文引用了这篇文章,一些探讨中国教育改革的书籍也收录了这篇文章。我当时还在想:这年头中国是怎么了,我写的那么多反映中国社会问题的深度报道都没有什么反响,一篇小小的文章居然这样引人注意。中国人可能还是需要看些轻松的东西吧!</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br style=\"mso-special-character: line-break;\"/><br style=\"mso-special-character: line-break;\"/></span>
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 楼主| 发表于 2006-9-17 20:02:00 | 显示全部楼层
<span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  儿子小学毕业的时候,已经能够熟练地在图书馆利用计算机和缩微胶片系统查找他所需要的各种文字和图像资料了。有一天我们俩为狮子和豹的觅食习性争论起来,第二天,他就从图书馆借来了美国国家地理学会拍摄的介绍这两种动物的录像带,拉着我一边看,一边讨论。孩子面对他不懂的东西,已经知道到哪里去寻找答案了。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  儿子的变化促使我重新去审视美国的小学教育。我发现,美国的小学虽然没有在课堂上对孩子们进行大量的知识灌输,但是,他们想方设法把孩子的眼光引向校园外那个无边无际的知识的海洋,他们要让孩子知道,生活的一切时间和空间都是他们学习的课堂;他们没有让孩子们去死记硬背大量的公式和定理,但是,他们煞费苦心地告诉孩子们怎样去思考问题,教给孩子们面对陌生领域寻找答案的方法;他们从不用考试把学生分成三六九等,而是竭尽全力去肯定孩子们的一切努力,去赞扬孩子们自己思考的一切结论,去保护和激励孩子们所有的创造欲望和尝试。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  有一次,我问儿子的老师弗丝女士:你们怎么不让孩子们背记一些重要的东西呢?我上小学时,可没少背课文,没少背教科书的要点。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  弗丝老师笑着说:对人的创造能力来说,有两个东西比死记硬背更重要,一个是他要知道到哪里去寻找他所需要的比他能够记忆的多得多的知识;再一个是他综合使用这些知识进行新的创造的能力。死记硬背,既不会让一个人知识丰富,也不会让一个人变得聪明,这就是我的观点。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  我不禁想起我的一个好朋友和我的一次谈话。他学的是天文学,从走进美国大学研究生院的第一天起到拿下博士学位整整</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\">5</span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">年,一直以优异的成绩享受系里提供的优厚的奖学金。他曾对我说:我很奇怪,要是凭课堂上的学习成绩拿奖学金,美国人常常不是中国人的对手,可是一到实践领域,搞点研究性题目,中国学生往往没有美国学生那么机灵,那么富有创造性。我想,他感受的可能正是两种不同的基础教育体系所造成的人之间的差异。中国人太习惯于在一个划定的框子里去施展拳脚了,一旦失去了常规的参照,对不少中国人来说感到的可能往往并不是自由,而是惶恐和茫然。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  我常常想到中国的小学教育,想到那些在课堂上双手背后坐得笔直的孩子们,想到那些沉重的课程、繁多的作业、严格的考试</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\">……</span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">它让人感到一种神圣与威严的同时,也让人感到巨大的压抑与束缚,但是多少代人都顺从着它的意志,把它视为一种改变命运的出路,这是一种文化的延续,它或许有着自身的辉煌,但是面对需要每个人发挥创造力的现代社会,面对明天的世界,我们又该怎样审视这种孕育了我们自身的文明?</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br/><br/></span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">  </span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\">1995</span><span style=\"FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">年,我回国后,将自己对美国小学教育的观察与思考写成一篇小文章。出乎我的意料,就是这样一篇小文章,发表后引起不小的反响。中国最火爆的周末报纸《南方周末》转载了这篇文章,中国教育部的机关报纸《中国教育报》转载了这篇文章,全国上百家报刊和网站转载了这篇文章,中国发行量最大的文摘刊物《读者》与我签订了向他们终生授权转载我的文章的合同,一些学术研讨会的论文引用了这篇文章,一些探讨中国教育改革的书籍也收录了这篇文章。我当时还在想:这年头中国是怎么了,我写的那么多反映中国社会问题的深度报道都没有什么反响,一篇小小的文章居然这样引人注意。中国人可能还是需要看些轻松的东西吧!</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;\"><br style=\"mso-special-character: line-break;\"/><br style=\"mso-special-character: line-break;\"/></span>
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发表于 2006-9-17 20:13:00 | 显示全部楼层
<p>记得爱因斯坦说过:推动人类科学进步最重要的是——想象力。</p><p>对于人各种各样能力的从小培养,以及能让其身心舒畅,充满热情和兴趣地,自由和充分地发展,应该比知识的传授重要得多。</p><p></p>
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发表于 2006-9-19 19:42:00 | 显示全部楼层
<p>明知是扭曲僵化的,但没有办法改变。真是一种悲哀.</p>
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发表于 2006-9-19 22:52:00 | 显示全部楼层
<p>对人的创造能力来说,有两个东西比死记硬背更重要,一个是他要知道到哪里去寻找他所需要的比他能够记忆的多得多的知识;再一个是他综合使用这些知识进行新的创造的能力。死记硬背,既不会让一个人知识丰富,也不会让一个人变得聪明,这就是我的观点。<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: \'font-size:10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:zh-cn;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;;\"><br/></span></p><p><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-FAMILY: \'font-size:10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:zh-cn;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;;\">谢谢楼主的转帖.</span></p>
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发表于 2006-9-19 23:12:00 | 显示全部楼层
<p>不知道我们的教育部门会不会看到这样的文章!现在很多大学生毕业就面临着失业,教育教给我们的到底是什么!</p>
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发表于 2006-9-20 00:00:00 | 显示全部楼层
<p>这帖子,早就进入我的电脑的“培养孩子”文件夹。</p><p>但是后来的实践证明:除了“培养”了我的牢骚之外,对于孩子是一点感触都没有---也难怪,他的头脑早给那些看都看不完的“辅导材料”“考前练习”“考试宝典”塞死了,连真正发的课本都厌恶了-----那里还有精神来看我这些跟考试无关的东西!</p>
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发表于 2006-9-20 08:12:00 | 显示全部楼层
<p>你要听话.....中国人对孩子说得最多的一句话。</p><p>自己毛病多,所以从不对孩子说这句话。</p><p>服从,威望,权威.....孩子们从小就要向长辈学习。</p><p>老天有眼,我的孩子从不学我。</p>
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发表于 2006-9-28 13:20:00 | 显示全部楼层
<p>中国人为人父母的能力,</p><p>在历史大潮中逐渐退化,</p><p>可是对孩子从来都是严要求高标准.</p><p>把自己的愿望也硬塞给孩子,</p><p>很少将心比心,尊重孩子的.</p>
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发表于 2006-9-28 18:16:00 | 显示全部楼层
世界上很多职业都有资格证,但是偏偏“父母”的职业都没有,好像每个人天生都会做父母一样,但是,是这样吗?黄博士的文章和书的确值得一看,但是中国父母头疼的是怎么样在保证孩子在这个体制内是优秀的同时而又同时兼顾人天性的发展,或者说很多素质方面的发展。
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发表于 2006-10-11 21:17:00 | 显示全部楼层
<div class=\"quote\"><b>以下是引用<i>小叶</i>在2006-9-28 18:16:00的发言:</b><br/>世界上很多职业都有资格证,但是偏偏“父母”的职业都没有,好像每个人天生都会做父母一样,但是,是这样吗?黄博士的文章和书的确值得一看,但是中国父母头疼的是怎么样在保证孩子在这个体制内是优秀的同时而又同时兼顾人天性的发展,或者说很多素质方面的发展。</div><p>岂只父母,子女、夫妇......甚至仅仅是人,谁敢说自己天生就会的?人人都希望孩子比自己强,但又按自己的模子(可能是失败的模子)去要求他们,他们又怎会比你强呢?这样他们可能只能和你一样,甚至比你更差。</p>
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发表于 2006-10-12 01:06:00 | 显示全部楼层
<p>二十年前,就曾读\"洛克菲勒家史\"一书,而当时作为拥有全美最高的帝国大厦的洛克菲勒先生,对几个孩子的教育方法,真是到今天都是模范,也是因此令他几代不出败家子的原因.</p><p>大家如还能找到这本书,建议认真阅读.</p>
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